1995年考研英语写作题型的分析和范文举例
Section V Writing
Directions:
[A] Title: THE “PROJECT HOPE”
[B] Time limit: 40 minutes
[C] Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)
[D] Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the given opening sentence: “Education plays a very important role in the modernization of our country.”
[E] Your composition must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points) OUTLINE:
1. Present situation
2. Necessity of the project
3. My suggestion
一、审题
本题为提纲式论说文。由题目可知本文讨论的是有关“希望工程”的问题。
二、谋篇
按提纲所示，本文应分三方面展开。第一段应说明目前境况：一方面，贫困造成大量儿童失学；而另一方面，国家需要大量有知识的人才。第二段，由首段的陈述自然引出实施这项工程的必要性。分析必要性切忌写得过于空泛。这段可通过正反两方面进行论证。第三段提出自己的建议。
三、写作范文
评分标准1
15~13分：内容切题，包括提纲的全部要点；表达清楚，文字连贯；句式有变化，句子结构和用词正确。
Sample 1 (15 points)
The“Hope Project”
Education is the key to the modernization of our country. China cannot achieve its planned economic growth and catch up with those developed nations without a well-educated population. However, more than 37 million primary and secondary school students in the poverty-stricken areas of the countryside are obliged to quit school. Many of them are joining the ranks of new illiterates. Thus, a financial plan called Hope Project is carried on to rescue those children from a life of illiteracy and ignorance.
The project, which brings the hope for children and promises a bright future for China, is quite necessary. As we know, being deprived of education will not only result in exhaustion of human resources in those poverty-stricken areas, but also hold back the economic development of the whole country. Developing education to arm youngsters with knowledge is an urgent task and a responsibility of the entire society. Butit is impossible for the Chinese government to afford such a sum of money for hundreds of thousands of school dropouts. So a nation-wide drive, Project Hope, is the best solution.
As Project Hope aims to raise funds from all walks of life, we should finance the project with money. Moreover, it needs our love and strong sense of responsibility for those children. As it says, “knowledge is a lamp leading people into the world of brightness and beauty”, sois Project Hope.
例文分析
1． 提纲
（1）现状：从国家需要人才和大量儿童失学两方面说明目前中国教育状况；
（2）需要：上学的障碍为学生与政府都没有钱；
（3）建议：捐钱及爱心等。
2．论点与谋篇
本文中心突出，结构严谨。从国家与个人两方面进行论述是本文的一大特点。它使得文章脉络非常清晰。第二段，作者用了总——分——总的方法展开，使文章简短有力。第三段的特点是呼应主题，以俗语作总结，并采用对照，起到了画龙点睛的作用。
3．连贯性
本文流畅不仅来自于思维的连贯，并且归功于诸多连词的应用（已在文中标出）。
4.句式及用词
经典句式：Developing education to arm youngsters with knowledge is and urgent task…
As… aims to do sth., we should…
评分标准 2
12~10分：内容切题，包括提纲的全部要点；表达比较清楚，文字基本连贯；句式有一定变化，句子结构和用词无重大错误。
Sample 2 (10 points)
The“Hope Project”
Education plays a very important role in the modernization of our country. In rural areas millions of children have no chance to go to school. Helping their family in the field or doing endless housework at home, they do not even know how to write their own names. These new illiterates are impossible to catch the change of the world. So the Project Hope was established to help the poor children.
The Project is quite necessary. On the one hand, these children are too poor to buy the books and go to school. On the other hand, as a developing country China is not likely to spend a huge amount of money on education. Only through the love the project can providemore and more education chances for the poor children. Thus, everyone should do what he can for the Project Hope.
I think this project is great important to our country. So my suggestion is that people should donate our money and the government should encouragemore of the public to participate the project. And I’m sure the project will be fruitful.
例文分析
1．提纲
（1）儿童失学，提出希望工程；
（2）从两方面说明工程的必要性；
（3）提出建议。
2．论点与谋篇
本文论点突出，按照提纲所示将文章按三段展开。第一段的缺点在于：第一句与第二句间缺乏过渡。第二句应展开说明教育对中国的重要性，然后再进行转折衔接第三句，这样内容较衔接。但此段的描写较为生动。不是直接讲述，而是通过形象地描述，用干活、做家务及不会写名字的对比生动展示失学儿童的现状。
3．连贯性
段与段之间衔接比较自然。
4.句式及用词
典型错误：
倒装：Only through the love the project can providemore and more education chances for the poor children.
Only开头的句子应为部分倒装。应为：Only through the love canthe project provide more and more education chances for the poor children.