雅思写作中考官爱用的词

通过研读考官范文，我发现考官爱用以下名词。是不是觉得都很熟悉？他们都是高中阶段的词汇，关键是你能否想到去用并把它们用准了。

trend

household

concern

sense

case

educationalist

exposure

issue

approach (n)

现在我们来看一下考官是怎么用的。

1. trend

trend的英文释义是a general tendency in the way a situation is changing or developing，一般同学想到的词是phenomenon（还经常跟复数phenomena混淆）。用phenomenon一般是由中文联想过来的，有时不妨换一下trend，显得更加精准地道。来看看考官的句子：

It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school. The trendis not restricted to rich students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer students who choose to work and become economically independent for a period of time.

在这个句子中，trend用来指代前面一整句，即“年轻人给自己一个间隔年”这种普遍的现象。

A problem of modern societies is the declining level of health in the general population, with conflicting views on how to tackle this worrying trend.

同样，这里的trend指的是逗号前面“人们的健康状况整体下滑”这种现象。

其实trend就是同义替换中的一个很好用的上义。

2. household

household就是家庭的意思，跟family可互换。考官例句如下：

Governments can encourage such action by putting taxes on packaging, such as plastic bags, by providing recycling services and by fining householdsand shops that do not attempt to recycle their waste.

但是在某些词组中，household与family不能互换，如“家居用品：household items”，“家喻户晓的名字：a household name”。而family name则表示一个人的姓。

3. concern

concern作为不可数名词的意思是a feeling of worry about something important，注意哦，是对something important的关心，如果你担心饭是否烧糊了，那还达不到concern的级别，如果是孩子的心理健康、环境污染、社会治安等，那用上concern绝对是妥妥的。当我们只能想到worry about, care about或pay attention to的时候，不妨用一下show (great) concern for。

当concern作为可数名词是就是something that worries you，是“令你担忧的事情”，通常用在类似My greatest concern is that…的句型中。

The main concernis about the type of computer activities that attract children.

其实这里的the main concern就是the important issue that people care about。

这句话也可以改成People show great concern for the type of computer activities that attract children.

4. sense

sense多数用在词组中，考官就用过

a sense of fulfillment 成就感

a sense of progression 感到不断在进展

a sense of purpose 意义感

a sense of belonging 归属感

a sense of responsibility 责任感

当然，我们可以想到更多，如

失落感：a sense of loss

紧迫感：a sense of urgency

满足感：a sense of satisfaction

安全感：a sense of security

认同感：a sense of identity

仪式感：a sense of occasion

5. case

比较固定的词组搭配是in some cases，表示“在某些情况下”，往往用来引出某种具体的现象。例如考官是这样用的：

Hard economic realities mean that many people have little choice in the kind of job they can get. In some cases an employee is working in a job that suits neither their skills nor their personality.

这句话的意思是“严峻的经济现实意味着很多人在挑选工作方面的余地很少，在有些情况下，一个员工所做的工作与他的技能和个性都不匹配”。

在这里，in some cases引出的内容是对前一句内容的细化和延伸。

类似的表达有in many cases, in most cases。

有时候case是用在如“It is the case that”，“This is not the case”等句型中，如考官写道：

However, in many countries children work because their families need the additional income, no matter how small. This was certainly the case in the past（过去是这样的） in many industrialized countries, and it is very difficult to judge that it is wrong for children today to contribute to the family income in this way.

Unfortunately, it is not always the case thatnew things are promoted because they have good impacts for the majority of people.（新事物得到推广并不总是因为它们对绝大多数人产生好处）

这里的case与前面讲的trend有点类似，指代的是一句话的内容。以上两句中第一句的case指in many countries children work because that families need te additional income, now matter how small，第二句中的case指代的是new things are promoted because they have good impacts for the majority of people.

6. educationalist

因为有很多文章涉及到教育话题，所以教育者就成为高频词汇了。同学们往往想到的是teachers, schools, 比较好的会想到education authority，但educationalist确实想到的比较少。

我们平时积累一些ist结尾的常见的词，如novelist, racist, linguist, feminist。

7. exposure

大家都知道这个词的本意是“暴露”，写作中更多的是用引申义“大量接触到”，后面接介词to。考官是这样用的：

Anything which encourages language learning benefits society culturally and economically, and early exposure tolanguage learning contributes to this.

不管褒义还是贬义都可以用上这种搭配，如“大量阅读原版英语读物”可以说exposure to original English reading material，“经常玩带有暴力内容的网络游戏”可以说exposure to online games with violent content，“长期接触到化学污染物”可以说prolonged exposure to chemical pollutants。

8. issue

先看一下issue的英文定义：a subject or problem that is often discussed or argued about, especially a social or political matter that affects the interests of a lot of people。所以issue是影响面比较广的经常被争议的问题，比较多的出现在a controversial issue的等词组中。

例句：

Theissue of children doing paid work is a complex and sensitive one.

Children can be educated about environmental issuesat school, but adults need to take action.

There is no advantage if enthusiastic primary pupils become demotivated as soon as they change schools. However, these issuescan be addressed strategically within thepolicy adopted.

由此可见当我们想用problem时脑子想一下可否用issue去替代，只要是能上升到社会层面的都可以。

比较常见的搭配有

discuss/debate an issue

deal with/tackle/address/resolve an issue

a political/social/economic etc issue

a key/major/big issue

a difficult/complex/thorny issue

a controversial/sensitive issue

9. approach

关于“方法”，同学们常用的是way, method, 考官却经常用approach。例如：

In my opinion, focusing on sports facilities is too narrow an approachand not have the desired results.

The greater flexibility of the primary timetable allows for more frequent, shorter sessions and for a play-centred approach, thus maintaining learners’ enthusiasm and progress.

值得注意的是approach后面的介词必须是to，如

He decided to adopt a different approachtoteaching his son English.

其他常见的搭配有

take / adpot an approach 采取方法

a new / different / alternative approach 新方法、其他方法

a practical approach 实用方法

a tough approach 强硬措施

a scientific/systematic approach 科学的/系统的方法