2018年北京朝阳区高三年级二模英语试题及答案
北京朝阳区高三年级二模英语
2018.5
（考试时间100分钟满分120分)
本试卷共10页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. Come here, Mary. If you stand at this angle, you ______ just see the sunset.
A. must B. need C. can D. should
2. The book is now out of print, ______ it can easily be borrowed from libraries.
A. and B. for C. so D. but
3. ______ an opposing idea effectively, you can use the following words and phrases.
A. To express B. Expressing C. Expressed D. Being expressed
4. Sometimes tests are needed ______ doctors discover exactly what’s wrong with your body.
A. since B. before C. although D. if
5. It gives us great delight ______ Chinese science fictions are becoming increasingly popular.
A. how B. what C. that D. why
6. The boy is having a fever. You’d better damp a towel and lay it ______ his forehead.
A. across B. within C. through D. beyond
7. Just an hour ago he told me on the phone that he ______ home right after his work.
A. has come B. comes C. came D. would come
8. We really appreciate our learning environment, ______ we can have direct communication.
A. whom B. which C. where D. when
9. ______ the difference between the two findings is one of the worst mistakes you’ve made.
A. Ignored B. Ignoring C. To ignore D. Having ignored
10. ––You seem to be familiar with this city.—I ______ here for three years. It’s so great to be back.
A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. live
11. I wish I ______ photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present.
A. studied B. had studied C. have studied D. will study
12. The girl’s eyes brightened when she saw the birthday present she ______.
A. would promise B. had promised C. would be promised D. had been promised
13. If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose ______ you have already filled out on this form.
A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whenever
14. In the library you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially _____ for readers.
A. preparing B. to prepare C. prepared D. prepare
15. ––The small restaurant is always crowded in every part.
––That’s ______ it has a unique dining environment and quite a few wonderful dishes.
A. why B. because C. where D. when
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
All Quiet in a Darkened Library
After my mother died, my father, who was 75 at the time, began to regularly visit the local library in Epping. He loved going there __16__ he enjoyed reading different kinds of books, especially reading the newspapers on Saturdays. The library had a small area, where the soft carpet, folding chairs and lap desks __17__ a comfortable space for independent reading. My dad would sit there for hours. This particular wintery Saturday, at about 12 noon, after being there for two hours, my dad __18__ that it was very quiet and darker than usual. He looked around, realizing that all the staff had left and he had been __19__ locked in.
My dad was a “panic merchant” at the best of times, so I can only __20__ what he was like when this happened. The doors had been locked from the outside and he had no way __21__. He must have felt completely at a __22__, since he didn’t know some __23__ for handling this kind of crazy situation. My dad looked at the notice boards to try to find a __24__ phone number—a staff member or someone he could ring to help let him out—but without __25__. So he rang the police station and they kindly got in touch with the head librarian.
The head librarian immediately rang my dad back at the library, and __26__ that she would be soon there. She tried to __27__ him and even explained how he could make a coffee if he wished. This was very nice, but my dad was in too much of a “__28__” to do so.
Thankfully, the head librarian arrived __29__ the hour and let my dad out. She apologized for the __30__ it had caused my father and sent my father back home in person. We were very grateful, since she could easily have been __31__ at having to come back to work. The next day my dad seemed to __32__ from this accident. He almost forgot all about the unpleasantness, and even found his experience quite __33__.
I guess the entire staff now makes extra sure that the library is __34__ before they leave. What’s more, my dad has learned an important lesson by himself—never again became quite so __35__ in his reading.
16. A. as B. if C. till D. though
17. A. measured B. occupied C. replaced D. created
18. A. expected B. noticed C. admitted D. doubted
19. A. accidentally B. constantly C. properly D. illegally
20. A. acquire B. witness C. imagine D. explore
21. A. along B. back C. down D. out
22. A. failure B. loss C. risk D. distance
23. A. tips B. marks C. notes D. senses
24. A. convenient B. flexible C. relevant D. temporary
25. A. trouble B. effort C. permission D. success
26. A. promised B. informed C. assumed D. reminded
27. A. forgive B. comfort C. instruct D. persuade
28. A. result B. choice C. state D. trend
29. A. over B. near C. beyond D. within
30. A. conflict B. anxiety C. regret D. blame
31. A. ashamed B. confused C. annoyed D. pleased
32. A. recover B. reflect C. struggle D. suffer
33. A. satisfying B. amusing C. scaring D. astonishing
34. A. tidy B. open C. quiet D. empty
35. A. distributed B. blocked C. absorbed D. exposed
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dear Koko,
I’ve learned about you from my amazing teacher. I think it’s fun that you can communicate with us humans by using the sign language. I’ve spent a lot of time watching you in different videos and love you from the bottom of my heart.
It’s heartbreaking to learn about all of the cruel things done to gorillas (大猩猩). In Africa, for example, the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat. They don’t understand the influence their actions are having on gorillas. Another thing is the loss of gorillas’ natural home, which is caused by the improved infrastructure such as building roads and airports. When we cut down trees, you become homeless. We take away your shelter and sources of food, leaving you with very little chance of survival.
Some of my classmates are writing to the relevant departments about these serious problems. Hopefully these letters will make a difference during your lifetime. Over the past three months, my class has been researching on gorillas, and I’ve learned so many things. For example, I’ve learned that you have a lot of feelings similar to mine and you are always so careful with everything you do. I think that you are really worth saving.
We’ve come up with many ideas to help you and your fellows. One of the best ideas is to communicate with the President of the World Bank and have him give more financial support to the organizations for gorillas. Another idea is to make public laws on the killers. I also think we need to keep educating people about gorillas.
I love writing to you and hope you can understand how important you’ve become to our class. Would it be too much to ask for a return letter?
Mike
36. According to the passage, Koko is probably ______.
A. a killer of gorillas B. a member of the gorilla family
C. an expert on gorillas D. a governor in charge of gorillas
37. What is mainly talked about in the second paragraph?
A. The problems gorillas face at present. B. The danger gorillas cause for humans.
C. The unique characteristic gorillas have. D. The natural environment gorillas live in.
38. The author suggests that ______.
A. gorillas should be protected in nature reserves
B. killers for gorillas should be legally responsible
C. organizations should be set up to protect gorillas
D. people should make donations to gorilla protection
B
The Handshake
I don’t remember the exact date I met Marty for the first time. Like a lot of people who want to get through a checkout line, I found my thoughts on speed, nothing more. The line I was standing in wasn’t moving as quickly as I wanted, and I glanced toward the cashier, who was receiving money from customers.
He was an old man in his sixties. I thought, well, itprobably took him a little longer to get the jobs done.For the next few minutes I watched him. He greeted every customer before hebegan scanning the goods they were purchasing. Sure, his words were the usual, “How’s it going?” But he did something different—he actually listened to people. Then he would respond to what they had said and talk with them briefly.
I thought it was strange, but I guessed I had grown accustomed to people asking me how I was doing simply out of a conversation without thinking. Usually, after a while, you don’t give any thought to the question and just say somethingback quietly.
This old cashier seemed sincere about wanting to know how people were feeling. Meanwhile, the high-tech cash register rang up their purchases and he announced what they owed. When customers handed money to him, he pushed the appropriate keys, the cash drawer popped open, and he counted out their change.
Then magic happened.
He placed the change in his left hand, walked around the counter to the customers, and extended his right hand in an act of friendship. As their hands met, the old cashier looked the customers in the eyes. “I want to thank you for shopping here today,” he told them. “You have a great day. Bye-bye.” The looks on the faces of the customers were priceless.
Now it was my turn. I glanced down at the name tag on his red waistcoat, the kind experienced Wal-Mart cashier wore. It read, “Marty.”
Marty told me how much I owed and I handed him some money. The next thing I knew he was standing beside me, offering his right hand and holding my change in his left hand. His kind eyes locked onto mine. Smiling, and with a firm handshake…
39. While the author stood in the checkout line, she felt ______.
A. comfortable B. enthusiastic C. impatient D. embarrassed
40. In the opinion of the author, people tended to ______.
A. remaincalm while having a talk B. talk about unimportant topics
C. develop a mindless conversation D. face communication problems
41. The author thought Marty special because ______.
A. he spent as much time as possible serving customers
B. he was patient with all the questions from customers
C. he showed particular interest in customers’personal life
D. he expressed his sincerity while giving back the change
42. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Marty was a talkative man.
B. Marty cared a lot about what he did.
C. The author failed to get along well with others.
D. The author was dissatisfied with such a waste of time.
C
No student of a foreign language needs to be told that grammar is complex. By changing the order of the words and by adding a range of auxiliary verbs (助动词) and suffixes (后缀), we can turn a statement into a question, state whether an action has taken place or is soon to take place, and perform many other word tricks to convey different meanings. However, the question which many language experts can’t understand and explain is—who created grammar?
Some recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade. Since the slaves didn’t know each other’s languages, they developed a make-shift language called a pidgin. Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of the landowners. They have little in the way of grammar, and speakers need to use too many words to make their meaning understood. Interestingly, however, all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is for a group of children to be exposed to it at the time when they learn their mother tongue. Slave children didn’t simply copy the strings of words used by their elders. They adapted their words to create an expressive language. In this way complex grammar systems which come from pidgins were invented.
Further evidence can be seen in studying sign languages for the deaf. Sign languages are not simply a group of gestures; they use the same grammatical machinery that is found in spoken languages. The creation of one such language was documented quite recently in Nicaragua. Previously, although deaf children were taught speech and lip reading in the classrooms, in the playgrounds they began to invent their own sign system, using the gestures they used at home. It was basically a pidgin and there was no consistent grammar. However, a new system was born when children who joined the school later developed a quite different sign language. It was based on the signs of the older children, but it was shorter and easier to understand, and it had a large range of special use of grammar to clarify the meaning. What’s more, they all used the signs in the same way. So the original pidgin was greatly improved.
Most experts believe that many of the languages were pidgins at first. They were initially used in different groups of people without standardization and gradually evolved into a widely accepted system. The English past tense—“ed” ending— may have evolved from the verb “do”. “It ended” may once have been “It end-did”. It seems that children have grammatical machinery in their brains. Their minds can serve to create logical and complex structures, even when there is no grammar present for them to copy.
43. What can be inferred about the slaves’ pidgin language?
A. It was difficult to understand. B. It came from different languages.
C. It was created by the landowners. D. It contained highly complex grammar.
44. What is the characteristic of the new Nicaraguan sign language?
A. No consistent signs were used for communication.
B. Most of the gestures were made for everyday activities.
C. The hand movements were smoother and more attractive.
D. The meaning was clearer than the previous sign language.
45. Which idea does the author present in the last paragraph?
A. English grammar of past tense system is inaccurate.
B. Children say English past tense differently from adults.
C. The thought that English was once a pidgin is acceptable.
D. Experts have proven that English was created by children.
46. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Creators of Grammar B. The History of Languages
C. Why Pidgins Came into Being D. How Grammar Systems Are Used
D
A Competitive Sport
CheerleadingOver the years, cheerleading has taken two primary forms: game-time cheerleading and competitive cheerleading. Game-time cheerleaders’ main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. However, competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a competitive sport.
Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. The majority of the teams require a certain level of tumbling (翻腾运动) ability. It’s a very common thing for gymnasts, so it’s easy for them to go into competitive cheerleading. Usually these cheerleaders integrate lots of their gymnastics experience including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy. They also perform lifts and throws. This is where the “fliers” are thrown in the air, held by “bases” in different positions that require strength and working with other teammates.
Competitive cheerleading is also an activity that is governed by rules under which a winner can be declared. It is awarded points for technique, creativity and sharpness. Usually the more difficult the action is, the better the score is. That’s why cheerleaders are trying to experience great difficulty in their performance.
Besides, there is also a strict rule of time. The whole performance has to be completed in less than three minutes and fifteen seconds, during which the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area. Any performance beyond the limit of time is invalid.
Another reason for the fact that competitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries. According to some research, competitive cheerleading is the number one cause of serious sports injuries to women. Emergency room visits for it are five times the number than for any other sport, partially because cheerleaders don’t use protective equipment. Smiling cheerleaders are thrown into the air and move down into the arms of the teammates, which may easily cause injuries. Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck.
There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. Hopefully, it will appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports. It should be noted that it is a team sport and even the smallest mistake made by one teammate can bring the score of the entire team down. So without working together to achieve the goal, first place is out of reach.
47. What is the main purpose of competitive cheerleading?
A. To compare skills of participants.
B. To make the audience feel amused.
C. To attract more people to watch events.
D. To cheer up the competitors on the court.
48. The underlined word “integrate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______”.
A. examine B. combine C. identify D. replace
49. We can learn from the passage that competitive cheerleading ______.
A. lacks necessary guidelines to follow
B. enjoys greater popularity than other sports
C. requires more designed actions than gymnastics
D. has a relatively high rate of damage to the body
50. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rich and Famous
Twenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. But today’s situation is quite different. ___51___Instead they most commonly say they want to be a sports star, a pop star, or an actor—in other words, they hope to become a celebrity (名人).
According to experts, young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame. ___52___ Let’s take athletes and singers as an example. Their careers are short-lived. Many athletes’ best time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. The field that was once the focus of their lives becomes something they have little or no involvement in. As a result, they’ll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. ___53___ The truth is quite simple: they have been so far removed from it for so long.
In spite of these disadvantages, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to achieve that status. They are not satisfied just making a living—they want to be rich and famous. Globally, more and more TV shows provide talent competitions where winners can achieve their goals in just a few weeks or months. ___54___ They unrealistically believe that this lifestyle is easily obtained and leads to great satisfaction.
While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions, others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals. ___55___ That means they ignore the simple fact that great effort is needed before success. As a result, many people won’t realize their childhood dreams, which could have a negative effect on their happiness.
A. The younger generationdon’t favor these professions any more.
B. In many ways this has been brought about by the celebrity culture.
C. Unfortunately, they do not always have a positive effect on people’s life.
D.Besides, it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life.
E. People no longer have a sense of satisfaction once their goals have been achieved.
F. This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people.
G.The reason is that they don’t realize it takes talent and hard work to be rich and famous.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你班交换生Jim要参加面向外国友人的“点赞中国”活动，向你寻求帮助，希望通过亲身体验，更好地认识中国。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐他做一件事；2. 说明推荐的理由；3. 表达愿望。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）
第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你们班上周开展“为母校留念”活动的完整过程，并以“A Special Present”为题，给校刊“英语角”写篇英文稿件。词数不少于60。
A Special Present
_______________________________________________________________________________
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）
北京市朝阳区高三年级第二次综合练习英语
2018. 5
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）1—5 CDABC 6—10 ADCBA 11—15 BDACB
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）16—20 ADBAC 21—25 DBACD 26—30 ABCDB 31—35 CABDC
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）36—40 BABCC 41—45 DBADC 46—50 AABDC
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）51—55 ACDFG
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节（15分）评分原则：1．本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3．评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。 4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5．词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求：
第一档（13分－15分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理清楚；交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档（9分－12分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档（4分－8分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务。内容不完整；所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对写作内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。
第四档（1分－3分）未完成试题规定的任务。写了少量相关信息；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。
0分
未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。
One possible version:
Dear Jim,
I’m glad to learn that you are going to participate in the activity “Thumbs-up for China”. Let me give you some advice.
I suggest you take the “Fuxing” bullet train, which travels at a speed of about 350 kilometers per hour. I’m sure you’ll get a clear idea of what high technology brings to China. Besides, you can enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. This experience will help you develop a deeper understanding of China and I do hope you can share your impression with the people around you.
Hope my advice can be of some help. If there is anything else I could do, please let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（20分）评分原则：1．本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3．评分时应考虑：内容要点的完整性、上下文的连贯性、词汇和句式的多样性及语言的准确性。4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5．词数少于60，从总分中减去1分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求：
第一档（18分－20分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了所有内容要点；运用了多样的句式和丰富的词汇；语法或用词方面有个别错误，但为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；体现了较强的语言运用能力；有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，所写内容连贯、结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档（15分－17分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了所有内容要点；运用的句式和词汇能满足任务要求；语法和用词基本准确，少许错误主要为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；使用了简单的语句间连接成分，所写内容连贯。达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档（12分－14分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了内容要点；运用的句式和词汇基本满足任务要求；语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档（6分－11分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务。漏掉或未描述清楚内容要点；所用句式和词汇有限；语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。
第五档（1分－5分）未完成试题规定的任务。明显遗漏主要内容；句式单调、词汇贫乏；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。
0分未能传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。
内容要点：1. 讨论；2. 买树苗；3. 种树；4. 留念
One possible version:
A Special Present
Last week, my classmates and I did something significant to express our gratitude to our school.
Earlier the week we had a discussion on what to give to our school for our graduation. Numerous choices were offered, including a beautiful gift and a memorial tree. Finally we agreed to plant a tree on campus. Having made the decision, we searched online and ordered a seedling after careful selection. On a sunny day our seedling arrived and we got down to planting it immediately. Everyone participated actively. Some placed the seedling in the hole, some covered the root with soil and others stood a board next to it reading “Class 1 Senior 3, 2018”. Sweaty as we were, everyone was excited. We posed for photographs to mark this precious occasion.
We were all delighted to give our school a special present. We expect that this seedling will grow into an enormous leafy tree some day