图表作文作文
纵观近几年高考，英语书面表达大致分为材料作文、图表作文和开放作文。且材料作文逐渐被图表作文取代，图表分析作文就是将数据、图像所包含的信息，转化为表意的说明文字。图表分析作文通常比较复杂，学生不仅要弄清提示，还要看懂所给的图表和数据。由于这类试题提示内容少，信息点分散，审题时一定要领会作者的出题意图，弄清主题再动笔：1. 单纯描述解释图表信息，按图表所示内容如实表达，不加评论。2. 通过叙述图表或图画 中的内容和数字变化来分析原因，发表议论。
一 柱状图
人们日常生活中事物的变化情况通常可
以用宽度相等的柱状图形来表示，柱状图的
高度差别用来说明事物的动态发展趋势，同时要注意图例说明和坐标刻度所提示的信息。
真题体验
2006湖北 受某英文报的委托，你最近对高中生的英语阅读兴趣做了一次调查。请根据以下信息，用英语为该报写一篇100词左右的短文。短文的标题及首句已为你写好。
调查内容：在、故事、科普、学习方法四种英文文章中，学生最喜欢哪一种
调查范围：湖北省的10所中学
调查对象：高中生
调查人数：1,000 调查方式：访谈
调查结果：见下图
Reading Interests of Senior Middle Sc
hool Students
In this survey ， one tho usand senior middle school students from t en schools in Hubei Province were int erviewed. They were asked which they like d reading most among the four categories of English articles ， news ， stories ， pop ular science articles and articles about l earning methods.
The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most. Twe ntysix percent of the students say that Eng lish stories are their favorite . Only se
ven percent of the students a re most intere sted in reading articles about learning meth ods. However ， the number of students wh o enjoy reading popular science articles doubles that of those who prefer readin g articles about learning methods.
常用句式
1. As can be seen from the chart ，...
As is shown in the chart ，...
2. The chart shows that about 60 percent of students want to go to college...
3. From the graph/data/results/ information above ， it can be seen/ concluded/shown /
4.The graph shows the
changes in the
number of...
5.Compared with... ，
the number of the
students of...
例2
：你们班会的讨论主题是“上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗？”请你根据下面图表及汉语提示，写一篇短文，并阐述你的个人观点。
提示：1. 增长学识，提高素养，利于择业。
2. 成功的路不只一条。
3. 学费高，就业难。
要求：1. 词数：100～120左右。
2. 开头语已为你写好不计入词数 。
3. 参考词汇： tuition n. 学费 qualities n. 素养
解题分析
柱状图是高中英语课本中常见的图形，要求学生通过柱状图图中数据和提示内容写
一短文，属于比较、对照类。也可根据提示写为议论文。通常我们采取三段式写法：
第一段：描述图表，得出结论。
第二段：紧扣主题，根据图表比较分析原因，论证结论。
第三段：发表议论，提出自己的看法。
提炼要点
分析柱状图数据信息。从图中可看出，黑色代表想上大学，占大多数，约60%；浅黑
色代表无所谓，占约30%；白色代表不想上大学，占约10%。
Is It The Only Way Out To Go To
College ？
The majority of us consider it very nece ssary to go to college.They think it can wi den their knowledge and improve their qua lities.Only in this way can they find better jobs after graduation.Very few students ， t hat is about ten percent of the students ， t
hink it no use going university ， because t he tuition is too high for their family to a fford. Whats more ， its rather hard f or college graduates to seek satisfactory jo
bs.Thirty percent of the students ， however ， believe “All roads lead to Rome. ” Ther efore it doesnt make any difference wheth er they go to college or not.
In my opinion ， we can receive a better education at college so that we can serve our motherland.
语言亮点
①词汇。如：consider ，widen ，afford ，se ek ，satisfactory 。
2. 学会看趋势、找规律，从整体看图表有何发展变化，找出特点、规律。
3. 引用图表包含信息，使你的文章“由图而发”，言之有据。
二 曲线图
曲线图常用来表示事物的变化趋势。常分为带时间参照和不带时间参照两种。曲线图的特点是信息集中，一目了然。
例：下面的曲线图是我国2006年不同月份汽车事故分布示意图，请以“The numbe r of car accidents in 2006”为题写一篇文章。要求：
1. 描述不同月份汽车事故分布distribution及总趋势。
2. 描述汽车事故的可能原因和对策。
3. 参考词汇：peak 顶点，高峰。词数：100～120 。
解题分析
英语曲线图作文实际是一篇“解说词”，即通过曲线图提供的信息，分析图中数据，综合出文章的主题。可采取三段式写法：
第一段：用简短的几个句子简述图表。
第二段：根据图表分类，概括性地描述曲线内容。
第三段：对文章整体内容进行结论性总结。
提炼要点
分析曲线图数据信息。从图中可看出，曲线图的横轴代表2006年的不同的月份，纵轴代表交通事故的数量。从交通事故曲线图上可知，前八个月的交通事故的数量有升有降。曲线图在八月份升到了最高点39，此后一直呈下降的趋势，十二月份降到了最低点16。可见，2006年的交通事故的数量总体上呈下降的趋势。
One possible version
The Number of Car Accidents in 2006 From the graph ， we can see that there were two peaks of accidents in 2006. One was in Feb with the number of 32.The other was in August with the number of 39， which was the highest point of the distribution line. From August ，the number of car accident had been decreasing till it reached the lowest point of the year in December. Two peaks occurred in spring and summer ， the two seasons which had most of the years rain. Driving tends to be more dangerous in rainy days. Maybe the weather is the most important reason
for car accidents. Be careful ， when you drive a car in rainy days.
语言亮点
①词汇。如：peak ， point ， distribution ， decrease ， reach ， occur ， tend to 。
②句式。如：宾语从句：we can see that there were two peaks of accidents in 2006.
定语从句：which was the highest point o f the distribution line.
状语从句：...till it reached the lowest poi nt of the year in December.
...when you drive a car in rainy days.
技巧点拨
1. 认真观察坐标系信息，抓住曲线图变化趋势，结合提供的时间和数据参照寻求切入点。
2. 根据曲线图的变化过程，尽可能利用所给的文字信息进行分类，比较，总结。
3. 写作过程中不必要将图中全部数据信息加以描述，只需将典型内容作以分析。
4. 注意根据有无时间参照确定整篇文章时态。
常用句式
1.As can be seen from the graph ， the l ine shows that...
2.According to the graph ， we can see/conclude that...
3.This is a line graph which describes the trend of...
4.The number sharply went up to...
5.The percentage of...stayed the same
between... 6.The figures reached the peaks/bottom... 实战演练
1. 根据下面曲线图，以Car Explosion in China 为题，描述我国近10年来私人拥有小汽车情况，说明人们生活的水平的变化和你的看法。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数 。词数：100左右。
One possible version
Car Explosion in China
The number of private cars has accordingly inc reased nearly 7 times from more than 2 m illion in 1996 to over 14 million in 2006. Whats the reason ？
There are two main factors for these cha nges. To begin with ， development in econ omy plays a vital role in these years. The
higher incomes results in Chinese peoples owning private cars. Whats more ， in mo dern society ， time means money ， many Chinese need a car to do business on tim e.
In my view ， however ， the car explosi on will constantly increase year by year ， a large number of social problems such as traffic jams ， among other things ， are t urning up nearly every city in China.
高考书面表达图表作文写作指导
图表描述应注意的问题
1 要突出重点, 抓住图表中的极端点。如：最大或最小、最多或最少、最好和最差。
2）总趋势的描述必须准确，要看出总的规律、趋势，抓住特征。
3）图表往往提供大量数据，应仔细观察分析，从中选择有效信息，图表上资料、数据的描述必须选择重点，不能事无巨细，一一列出。
4）充分利用图表中提供的文字或说明。同样，图表中没有的信息不能凭主观任意捏造。
5）说明、描述图表时应该注意动词时态，属于过去发生的应该用一般过去时，属于经常发生的应该用一般现在时。
6）句子结构要力求有变化、不要总是一个句型。
7）考生应该熟练掌握一些固定句型和表达方式。
8）拼图比较形象、直观，常用来表示总体与部分、部分与部分之间的比例关系，一般以百分比的数字呈现。
9）表格提供大量数据，应认真分析表格中各数据之间的内在联系，发现各项目的变化规律。
10）常见错误有1. 主谓一致 2. 时态 3. 介词
英语图表写作套句精选：常用的描述用法
1）As is shown in the table... 如表格所示...
2）From the table/chart/diagram/figure, we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that... 从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到...
3）The diagram shows that... 该图向我们展示了...
4 The table/chart diagram/graph/ figures/statistics shows that
5 According to the table/chart diagram/graph
6 As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures
7 It can be seen from the figures/statistics
8 We can see from the figures/statistics
图表中的数据（Data ）具体表达法
增加：increase / raise / rise / go up ..
减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall / decrease.
波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ...
稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off ...
在同一时期 during the same period
As can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in... 从图中可以看出，... 发生了巨大变化
in the year between...and... 在... 年到... 期间...
the number sharply went up to... 数字急剧上升至...
in terms of / in respect of / 在... 方面
in contrast 相反，大不相同
表示数据变化的单词或者词组
rapid/rapidly dramatic/dramatically significant/significantly
sharp/sharply steep/steeply steady/steadily gradual/gradually
slow/slowly slight/slightly stable/stably
图表类作文标准化结构：
Para 1, 两句话：第一句：This is a chart, which demonstrates the number of from to . 如果两个图，则：There are two charts below. The chart describes the
number of , and the chart illustrates the figure of . 第二句：（所有题目适用），From the chart we can see that the number of varies constantly/greatly in .
Para 2, As we can see from the chart,/or It is clear from the chart that .
如果有两个图：则：The chart shows that . /or As we can see from the first chart,
Para 3, 如果两个图的话， It is clear from the second chart that …
Para 4 结尾：From the figures/statistics above, we can see/conclude/draw a conclusion that … 议论文的写作步骤:
1. 引言introduction 由于英语作文受时间. 字数的限制。因此，审清题意之后在引言段中作者就必须简单解释要讨论的问题，并明白地亮出自己的观点，如提倡什么，支持什么，反对什么。
2. 主体段（main body） 主体段是议论的过程，作者必须有足够的证据（adequate proofs）来论证自己的观点。一般可提出一个或两个proofs, 并对此用一两句话分别进行阐述。
3. 结论（conclusion ） 结论段可以用一两句话来结束文章．同时要注意与引言段呼应，但不能照搬前面的原话。
议论文的写作要点：
1． 观点鲜明：一个明确的中心论点。
2． 层次分明：一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持，不同层次之间要分明，过渡清晰自然。
3．最后一段总结，得出结论。
4．时态：一般用一般现在时。
5. 语言简洁有力，一般不采用口语。
总起:
Different people hold different opinions.
Opinions are divided.
Pe ople have taken/adopted different attitudes towards …
People have different opinions on this problem.
People take different views on this question.
表达不同观点:
…of them hold the opinion that ….
…of them are in favor of the idea that…
People who are for/against the idea think …
Some people believe that…. Others argue that …
不同观点之间的衔接:
However, …of them hold a different view. / …of them hold the opposite opinion.
People who are against it don’t think so.
However, each coin has two sides.
Different from those…., …people think ….
On the other hand, … people object that ….
并列关系：and, as well as, also…
递进关系：besides, in addition, moreover, what’s more…
比较、对比：like, unlike, on the contrary, on the other hand…
例文（一）
假如你是李华，在最近的研究性学习当
中，受《21世纪中学生英语报》 （The 21st
Century ）之邀，你对你所在的班60名同学（男女各半）进行了上网目的的调查。现将调查结果（如下表所示）用英语给报社的编辑写一封信，报道此事，以引起舆论的关注，并提出你的观点和建议。
注意：
1、报道应包括图表所示全部内容，可适度发挥。
2、文章的开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
3、词数：150
4、参考词汇：调查： make a survey
Dear editor，
I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my class about their purpose of getting on the Internet.
思路点拨
题材：书信；说明+议论
时态：一般现在时
人称：第三人称
要点提示：（１）上网的目的；（２）读；（３）发送邮件；（４）聊天；（５）学习；（６）玩游戏；（７）评语
范文：
Dear editor,
I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my class about their purpose of getting on the Internet.
The girls’ favorite is chatting, but few boys like it. What the boys like to do most is playing games and the girls also like it. Both boys and girls like to read news or send e mails on the Internet. Maybe they think it ’s the most convenient way to get information from keeping in touch with friends. As for studying, the numbers of boys and girls are equal, but altogether only several of them will use the Internet as a tool to study.
In my opinion, useful as the Internet is, the students had better make better and wise use of it. Otherwise, it’s impossible for us to benefit from it. Moreover, I also hope the parents will pay enough attention to their children using the Internet in their spare time.
Yours， Li Hua
文采修饰
连接词的选用：but, both??, and, moreover, otherwise
高级词汇的选用：keep in touch with, as for??, use?? as ??, benefit from, pay attention to, altogether, in one’s opinion.
复杂句型的选用：what ??most 引导的主语从句；as 引导的让步状语从句；倒装语序